Tracking The Industry . . .

Tracking The Industry Editor - Randy Barks Box 59 - Cut Knife, SK. - S0M 0N0 - Phone / Fax (306) 398-2293 - Email: ohdeer@sk.sympatico.ca Tracking the Industry values your input! Click here to find out how to contact us! Next deadline is November 1, 2001 Print version available by subscription! All articles and advertising in this issue are copyright © of Tracking The Industry. . . and may not be used in any form without express written permission from the editor.

October - November 2001 Issue

CONTENTS

SWAMDPA PRESIDENT'S PEN

As I am writing this letter, Art Evenson and I are on our way home from a live white-tail buck auction in Eldon, Missouri. It's been an education and an experience to say the least. The high point of the sale was to see a buck being bid up to $51,000.00 US (But it didn't sell because the reserve bid had not been met). Full details of this trip are in another article. One thing this trip did was reaffirm in our minds the value of good hunt bucks.

But on to association business. About the time you receive this issue, your board will be meeting with the Hon. Clay Serby, Minister of Agriculture, to discuss various issues affecting our industry. Front and centre will be the need to complete an official import protocol that would place us on a level playing field with Alberta to ensure fair trade in both directions. I firmly believe that trade barriers are hindering the growth of our industry. For example, if individual states had the same trade restrictions as our provinces do, the sale we just attended could not have happened. There were animals and buyers there from a good number of states (Oklahoma, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Illinois, Michigan, etc). It was that freedom to trade that allowed enough buyers, sellers, and animals to come together in one place to hold a sale such as this. We need the ability to trade like this so that our industry can grow.

Agribition is coming up in Regina from November 19 to 24 and once again we need volunteers. If you've never worked the booth at Agribition, you should give it a try The experience, and opportunity to explain our industry to potential producers will be well worth it. Contact Stan Hall to volunteer.

I would also like to take this opportunity to remind you to reserve your ad space in our calender as quickly as possible to avoid being left out. Contact Lisa Schill.

Well, Art's looking a little tired and it's my turn to drive, so I'll sign off for now.

Ron Friesen

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AWMDA PRESIDENT'S PEN

The summer has flown by with memories of our fawn crop and the enjoyment realized from watching and photographing developing antlers already becoming just a memory. We have moved into hard antler and breeding plans and securing winter feed and attending to herd health issues. It seems like we just did all of that such a short time ago.

As we approach the fall and winter months and as we assess our sales and marketing plans, it should become apparent that we need to work together in order to adequately define markets for our production and to capitalize on the attractive but complex opportunities available to the industry. We need viable commercial markets for our animals. These markets exist but development plans need to be implemented. These plans need to be structured in a way that captures the optimum economic potential of the animal. Our industry needs substantial amounts of capital, both human and financial, in order to develop at an adequate pace sufficient to provide well defined, consistent and orderly end markets for our production. If we have and can define and access viable end markets, then you will naturally have a breeding sales market as well, consistent with the economic value and contribution that can be expected from entering or investing in the industry. Some have argued that we do not even have to have the commercial markets operating, but rather prove that they are indeed available and viable. Either way, providing and documenting a business case, which is sufficient to justify and support the incremental investment required to develop the industry, will require virtually the same amount of inputs. Furthermore, success will require the active participation of all producers and other stakeholders.

The required investment in inventories, land, facilities, infrastructure, plant and equipment, research and development, costs could be as much as $40 million over the next ten years. This level of investment is easily achievable if we can individually and collectively focus our efforts and resources towards development and implementation of the required actions and programs. To this end, the Chairpersons of the various committees referenced in my previous report are moving ahead. Each committee continues to fill its membership roster and should start developing specific action plans and strategies later this fall. Pick one and get involved early in order to influence the direction and priorities of the overall plan. The sooner we complete each phase of a particular strategy the sooner we will have strong, visible, accessible and viable markets for our products whether it be CHPs, domestic and export markets for our breeding stock, venison and by-products markets, etc.

Call your Zone President's and Zone Reps today. Attend your Zone meetings. Let's build this industry together.

Bryan Taitinger

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OWTDPA PRESIDENT'S PEN

Due to the preparation for the Ontario Whitetail Deer Producers exhibit and attending the international plowing match & farm machinery show at Navan, Ontario, near Ottawa (held Sept 18-22) a president's pen will be forthcoming in the next issue of Tracking...

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FROM THE EDITOR

A wise man once advised, "greet each day with a grateful heart." Isn't that true? We have so much to be thankful for. Life, with its intrinsic struggles, disappointments, everyday woes and even tragedies is good! I woke up this morning with the freedom to deer farm. WOW! I'm also truly thankful for the support Tara and I enjoy. Your involvement in this magazine is sincerely appreciated. We hope and strive to fulfill your expectations and look forward to your feedback. We try to stay "in tune," but realize that is not entirely possible on our own. We value your input by phone, fax, or email and are fascinated by the diversity of people, ideas, concerns, etc. that we encounter. We would love to include more writers, regular or periodic, in Tracking. You can be named or remain anonymous. Still chuckling, I welcome "L.O.L" as a wonderful addition to the magazine with what we hope will be a regular Jake and Ima, oh-too-true column. We attempt to include special events and get-together write-ups, but require help from someone in attendance. Just snap some photos, take a few notes and jot something down. Short and sweet is still good reading! A huge thank you goes out to all the writers you see included. Be sure to share your own "thank you" next time you meet up with one!

I am attempting some research to include in Tracking, but I need lots of help! One such topic I've been keeping tabs on for 3 years now, is the predictability of yearling bucks at maturity. The debate still rages, but regardless of view, wouldn't it be educational or at least interesting to see a compiled set of data? How much stock can you put in a yearling? Is there a "magic number" where predictability improves? Does score gap lessen with age? Please send me your data including buck scores at 1 year and up, along with any available photos (duplicates). We need to hear about the big yearlings that did not pan out, the little guys who grew into giants and the big fellows who stayed at the top (along with any pertinent information such as late births, etc).

We've also been requested to collect information on deer allergies (i.e./ how many suffer, to what degree, when did it begin, what are the symptoms, how is it treated or dealt with, are there any home remedies...?) Perhaps some real science can be done on this, but first it must be shown as a legitimate problem.

Also, check out our new addition "Ask the Experts" section. We hope to keep this as a regular column. If you are an "expert" on some area of deerfarming and would be willing to work with us by offering your experience or opinions please let us know. Presently we have a panel of veterinarians lined up who are willing to try to address deer health issues. If you have any questions you would like answered please send them in to us and we will do what we can. Just remember that this column is intended as a guideline and should never replace discussion with your local "experts" in specific cases.

Please send any information or other topic suggestions as soon as possible to the Tracking office. Again, thank you for your involvement and support. You make "Tracking" what it is!

Randy Barks

SWAMDPA FIELD DAY

A mountain resort and big bucks seem to go together, but in Saskatchewan? Hey, SWAMDPA knows how to put on a field day! O.K. so it was "Blue Mountain Adventure Centre" in the Saskatchewan River hills near North Battleford and the big bucks were really...well.....big bucks, but it was an out-of-the-ordinary, literally exhilarating field day.

Aug. 11 no longer wore the title of "annual social and general meeting." This was a "Field Day", not a business meeting, and it was fun! Oh, business took place as it often does when two or more deer farmers get together, but there was no general SWAMDPA meeting.

Blue Mountain Adventure Centre is a privately owned get-away set in the big, bushy river hills. A little lake, lodge, rustic cabins and outdoor nerve-tester activities were a welcome change of pace for Saskatchewan deer farmers and their families. Deer farming is usually a family endeavour and the resort really did offer every family member an enjoyable day. A bit of scheduling difficulty with the lodge couldn't dampen enthusiasm and in the end all worked out well.

Area producers received numerous visits as SWAMDPA members took advantage of the opportunity to see various farms. Geography and time restraints too often prevent these friendly tours and the number of farms in the area offered new convenience and variety to the usual meeting day tours.

Booth tables lined the lodge walls as some producers, while supporting SWAMDPA, also seized the moment and showed off their "wares". Posters, photo displays, antlers and videos were a great addition to the big day. It was absolutely amazing to peruse the genetic possibilities that one roomful of producers and a sampling of bucks had to offer. Individual giants and whole pen consistency are definitely "raising the bar" in Saskatchewan and North America wide. I'm always in awe of such antlered beauty and appreciate all who share their experiences and pictures.

A session of carefully selected speakers brought awareness and education to the day. Paul Rogers outlined the Saskatchewan Food Innovation Program, highlighting the ways and means of adding value to venison. Dr Rob McKorkel, specializing in animal reproductive physiology, described the specialty livestock research facility near Saskatoon, and all the benefits it can bring to game farmers in the areas of health, nutrition and reproduction. Dr. Jim McLean, of CFIA (Canadian Food Inspection Agency), clarified the CWD situation in Saskatchewan. He emphasized that, "the deer industry will probably not be involved in this at all." CWD hasn't touched farmed deer at all and the herd of 65 put down along with the same premise elk, all tested negative. Dr. McLean encouraged all deer farmers to join the surveillance program to show that we're not trying to hide anything and that we're leaders in dealing with this disease. He closed, stating strongly that "trophy ranches are still operating and going ahead." They were an encouraging and informative line-up of speakers, collectively relaying a bright future in Saskatchewan deer farming.

The highpoint of the day, however, was not deer or deer related (unless breaking out of your comfort zone and overcoming fears were business and marketing exercises!) A zipline extended over 250 meters across the valley, many, many feet in the air! Suspended by cables and pulleys, positions included the "Granny", "Superman", "Upside down", "SkyDiver" and "Hang Glider". The man in charge said something about no injuries. I guess his definition didn't include sand burns! I laid down the perfect landing with 2 boys strapped to me, although they tell a different tale! I noticed our leader, "Fearless Friesen", didn't quite lead the show, but admirably took the dive. And then there were those landings that received new names and brought new fame to the survivors. OUCH! I still cringe picturing them!

The day wrapped up as all fully satisfying days do....with a feast! Venison and buffalo meat was generously donated by Mark and Wanda Weber and Jim and Connie Chaplin. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. And it was barbecued to perfection by a great crew of volunteers. The food was fantastic, as was the friendly conversation that accompanied it.

SWAMDPA's Field Day was a summer highlight for our family and an event we already anticipate for next year. Those who organized such an educational and entertaining day deserve our thanks. To all who helped out...we appreciate you and your efforts!

Randy Barks

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SASKATCHEWAN SPECIALTY LIVESTOCK VALUE ADDED PROGRAM

The specialty livestock meat industry is growing slowly but steadily. Lack of processing facilities in the province and a grading system for a number of specialty livestock species are some of the problems encountered when marketing these meats and meat products. It is a general perception that meat from specialty livestock is less tender, darker in colour and has a strong "game" flavour compared to that from domestic species. So, further processing, especially of the lesser value cuts, is necessary to improve these sensory characteristics in order to make specialty meat and meat products more acceptable to consumers.

The Saskatchewan Specialty Livestock Value-Added Program (SLVAP) was established in 1998. SLVAP is funded by the Saskatchewan Agri-Food Innovation Fund (AFIF) and is based at the University of Saskatchewan in the Department of Applied Microbiology and Food Science. The main aim of the program is to assist Saskatchewan's specialty livestock meat industry in developing value-added meat and meat products from species such as bison, elk, deer, wild boar, sheep, goat, ostrich, emu and other ratites. The program is also involved in conducting research on improving the palatability, shelf-life, flavor and other quality aspects of fresh as well as processed meat and meat products. The program has hired a part-time chef, who has been working with the meat scientist and meat processing specialist aiming to produce some enticing value-added meat products from specialty meats. Emphasis of this exercise has been on increased tenderness and flavour of the lean game meats. If you have interest in above-mentioned areas, we look forward to assisting you.

Most of the game meats are very lean and products made from low fat meats are dry and crumbly. To address these issues, the program is trying different techniques and ingredients to achieve desirable juiciness and texture of such products. Current research projects include the following: a recently concluded study on improving the palatability of bison top round with the help of marination by injection, and an ongoing investigation of the flavor characteristics of meat from specialty livestock as a means to better understand its makeup so that possible strategies can be developed in order to control or limit the impact of undesirable flavor active compounds in processed meat and meat products. The results from the bison marination project were very encouraging, so we have just started a new study to try the injection technology to improve the palatability of lesser value cuts from venison.

For further information on these projects, please contact:
Dr. Jag Dhanda - Meat Scientist - Tel: (306) 966-5030 - E-mail: dhanda@sask.usask.ca
Dr. Ron Pegg - Meat Chemist - Tel: (306) 966-2680 - E-mail: pegg@duke.usask.ca
Mr. Paul Rogers - Meat Processing Specialist - Tel: (306) 966 8831 - E-mail: paul.rogers@usask.ca
Dr. Phyllis Shand - Associate Professor - Tel: (306) 966 8842 - E-mail: shand@sask.usask.ca

Department of Applied Microbiology and Food Science
University of Saskatchewan
51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8
Fax: (306) 966-8898
Website: www.ag.usask.ca/sfpip

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THE MISADVENTURES OF JAKE AND IMA

Clothing tore, bodies collided and primeval grunts & groans filled the air as husband and wife found themselves entwined in a familiar and necessary ritual on which life itself seemed altogether dependent. It was antler cutting day down on the deer farm!

Jake and Ima Midrank were unobtrusively average as far as deer-farming folk and marital matters go. Hubby worked off farm, paying bills, bring'n home the bacon, and fulfilling his "male role" in life. Wifey stayed at home. Times were tough according to Jake, Jake was tight according to Ima, and in the end, husband and wife teamed up on every penny-pinching, labour intensive, marriage-testing chore known to the "developing deer farmer."

"I got them all in!" the up-and-at-‘m voice cut through the oh-so-comfy bedroom gloom.

"All?" a doubtful, muffled query rose from the mound of pillows.

"Yep! I told you it would work better than chasing them." A hint of gloating glared through the comment.

Jake rolled out of bed. He still hated being wrong, but was becoming accustomed to it.

Jake rolled out of bed. He still hated being wrong, but was becoming accustomed to it. "Well, let's go then. It won't take long and the day may warm up. We'll eat later...be done by 10 or 11 anyway." Reasserting control of a situation was unknowingly becoming a habit for him.

Ima followed, quietly shaking her head. "10 or 11," she thought, "yeah, right!"

"Should we fill the syringes first to save time?" she asked. She was becoming a master at posing solid, logical suggestions as questions so that her "solid" husband actually believed they were facets of his own fine management: he still believed that vaccinating while cutting antlers had been his idea.

"Naw, the bucks'll stand just fine and it doesn't take long to fill ‘em anyway.," he countered. Murphy Lawmaker's wife stepped in immediately and warranted a day fraught with failure, frustration and basically being wrong.

Ima's neck was already feeling the strain of her dread induced head shaking. "How could he possibly forget last year," she wondered in amazement. She began to limp. The sub-conscious is a powerful thing!

"Should've bought some of those family radios ." Ima momentarily lapsed into a pre-marital moment and said exactly what she was thinking.

"You gotta be kidd'n. Those things are forty bucks each!" he cried incredulously. "I'll just yell at you to shut the gates."

Getting the bucks from corrals to squeeze was in itself a feat master-minded by evil forces bent on destroying marriages. Ima had designed an exceptionally user and deer - friendly system, after taking much time to research and learn from others. At that time newly married, however, Ima had neglected to pose all rational statements as questions and was automatically opposed. Jake, coincidentally also newly married, still thought he possessed his own good ideas and built his own system for handling deer. It didn't work!

"GET READY!" he barked. "O.K....." She dropped the gate. "NOT YET," he bellowed as bucks bounded back around him.

"YOU SAID O.K.," she hollered back, already the only one in control.

"I MEANT, O.K. THEY'RE ALMOST THERE!" he fumed.

"SHOULD'VE BUILT THE THING SO I COULD SEE SOMETHING!" It just seemed like she was no longer in control.

"WAIT TILL I YELL DROP," he bawled.

The factors of chance eventually converged and the bucks were individually boxed....in Ima's later-marriage question-posed contribution to the system. That part of the system worked very well and Jake took particular pride in it. The squeeze, however , really was a product of Jake's own ingenuity and "fiscal responsibility." It was a bomb waiting to blow!

"Bring it in," Jake whispered in the dimly lit handling room.

"What?" Ima softly asked, ears not accustomed to whispered words in the dark.

"I SAID, BRING IT IN," Jake's voice crackled through the emotionally charged air. The buck hit the squeeze apparently at the speed of sound. The squeeze hit Jake, dumbly unaware of the effect of sound. And Ima felt like hitting Jake for not securing the squeeze properly....one of those little leftover jobs that they got by with last year.

"GRAB HIS HORNS," thundered Jake. Tines whipped the air.

"ARE YOU NUTS?" Ima shrieked back, (composed enough to still pose suggestions as questions).

Jake wrenched the squeeze and kicked the drop floor lever. His "best of both worlds," own invention squeeze, fought back as neither lever budged.

"SLIP ON THE HOOD," Jake ordered, diving for the head that was dangerously close to leading an escape. Ima made a mental note to ask about head restraints later. The hooded buck lunged and bucked. 300 lbs of fury sensed freedom in the sound of splintering wood and popping rivets.

"GRAB ME THE SAW." Ima did.

"SIT ON HIS BACK." Ima didn't!

"WHAT? CRAWL IN THERE?" she pointed incredulously at that ever-varying space above the never still back of the buck.

"YOU'RE HEAVIER THAN ME," he retorted, not thinking....for the quadrillionth time in a row.

"JERK!" The word so closely resembled Jake.

"THEN JUST CUT OFF THE HORNS AND I'LL HOLD HIM!" Jake was nearing the point of no-return. In the melee, Ima considered the "no return" but then, never a quitter, grabbed the saw, deftly dodged the daggers and lopped off the old boy's crown.

"LET HIM GO!" Jake was balancing on the brink now, but this one, at least was done.

"YOU HAVEN'T GIVEN HIM HIS SHOTS YET!"

Oh, the day did end, like Elijah's day of battle when the sun stood still. Ima's limp was real now.

"I should take naked pictures of myself and send them to a spousal abuse lawyer," Ima vented, gingerly holding the foot-long bruise on her thigh.

"I don't think they'd sell," Jake grumped. "pregnant lady pictures are not hot items." In one fell swoop, Jake amazingly filled both roles of "dumb" and "dumber" as he held one gouged arm by its shredded shirt sleeve.

Ever- improving the art of ignoring, Ima asked the would-be rhetorical question, "Think we should buy a new squeeze?"

"WHAT? DO YOU KNOW HOW MUCH THOSE THINGS COST? Besides that old squeeze got us through....and don't forget, we've still got more fencing to do...."

L.O.L

Author's note: All characters and events portrayed in this story are mainly fictional. Any resemblance to actual people, places or events is purely intentional....

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MOLDY FORAGES AND DEER

Dry conditions in some parts of Saskatchewan, wet conditions in the other parts and a shortage of forage supplies may result in undesirable effects on forages this year. While most white-tailed deer diets revolve around an alfalfa forage base, producers may not have access to alfalfa and may be contemplating the feeding of cereal forages such as oats, barley or wheat greenfeeds or clover varieties.

Is there a concern in feeding moldy forages to white-tailed deer? Maybe. While deer feeding behavior would suggest that deer will feed around moldy portions and select only the "good" parts, producers should be aware of possible implications associated with moldy feeds.

Molds and funguses are common inhabitants that grow on all feeds and are ever present. However, when conditions permit, their growth becomes more prevalent and affects greater quantities of the feed. While the growth of mold does not indicate mycotoxin production, greater levels of visible mold infection may increase the probability of mycotoxin production, especially under ideal conditions. In forages baled above 16% moisture, conditions are favorable for mold development.

The most common mold produced that has implications for ruminant livestock is Fusarium spp.. Fusarium molds are a result of Fusarium Head Blight (also known as scab or smut) and most commonly associated with cereal crops such as barley and oats. Fusarium molds infect the seed head and seed kernels of cereal crops. When feeding a cereal greenfeed, deer will naturally select the seed head over the stem as it contains the most energy and the least amount of fibre. If the crop has been infected with Fusarium, the deer will be focusing their feeding on the most infected part of the plant.

As mentioned before, the presence of mold growth does not imply mycotoxin production. However, it is possible that Fusarium molds will produce toxins. Fusarium is responsible for the production of mycotoxins such as vomitoxin (DON), T2 toxin, DAS toxin and Zearalenone. Vomitoxin (DON) is the toxin most likely to be produced by Fusarium and is the mycotoxin of greatest concern. If mycotoxins from Fusarium Head Blight are present, DON levels will be highest two to three weeks prior to seed maturity, then decrease. Concurrently, it is recommended that greenfeed and silages be cut when the kernels are in the same development stage. The stage of maturity for cutting occurs at the same time when potential DON production is at its highest. By reasoning, severity of infection of the seed head will determine final DON level with highly infected crops more likely to contain higher DON levels than slightly infected crops. If a feed is infected with mold, tests can be performed to indicate what type of mold species is growing and whether or not that mold has the capability to produce mycotoxins. However, the presence of mold does not indicate a presence of mycotoxins. Tests for mycotoxins, primarily fusarium toxins, should be performed if there is concern.

What are some methods in dealing with mold toxicity in ruminants? Firstly, try and avoid feeding any moldy forages or feed to pregnant does, particularly during the third trimester. It is during the third trimester that the fetus is rapidly growing. Any ingestion of mold or inhalation of dust from moldy forages (contains spores from the mold) may result in abortions, poor calf performance when born or inhibited immune systems of both the fawn and the doe. Also, the inhalation of dust and spores may create respiratory irritations and allergic reactions. The difficulty in feeding moldy forages is that potential toxins may be ingested or inhaled. It is assumed that once toxins infect the animal, any damage done may be irreversible. It is recommended to try and keep moldy forages away from pregnant does and replacement females and if absolutely necessary, fed to mature male deer. On the bright side, given the selective nature of deer they will feed around mold clumps or refuse the feed entirely. However, be ready and expect more feed waste.

Clovers have been a popular feed used by deer producers. However, not all clover varieties are equal and as such have their own drawbacks. Sweet clover makes an excellent feed for deer when in pasture or browsed. However, if baled and allowed to grow moldy, sweet clover can be deadly. Sweet clover contains a substance called coumarin, that in the presence of mold, is converted into dicoumerol. Dicoumerol works much similar to warfarin in that it works to inhibit blood clotting mechanisms, resulting in excessive hemorrhaging or "bleeding disease". It is recommended that long term feeding (several weeks to months) of moldy sweet clover be avoided, and if feeding is necessary, a conservative recommendation would be to feed 2 weeks on sweet clover followed by 2 weeks of a different feed - leaving enough time to let the toxin clear the system. And above all, do not feed moldy sweet clover prior to fawning as the does will continue to bleed once the fawn has been expelled. Other clovers to watch are red clovers that contain phytoestrogens that may negatively affect doe fertility. Lower coumarin sweet clover varieties and lower phytoestrogen red clover varieties are available if clovers are considered.

If feed shortages or moldy feed is a problem, please consult your local nutritionist, Provincial Extension Agrologist or Livestock Agrologist.

Murray Feist, M.Sc., P.Ag.
Provincial Feed Industry Development Specialist
Saskatchewan Agriculture and Food
Phone: 306-933-5570
Fax: 306-933-5605
E-mail: mfeist@agr.gov.sk.ca

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CHPs PUBLIC DISCUSSIONS

Executive Summary of the AWMDA and AEA Cervid Harvest Preserve Public Information Forums and written submissions.

The AEA and AWMDA Joint Cervid Harvest Preserve Committee held a series of eight public forums around the province in late June and July of this year, to explain their proposal to the public. The public was given a chance to express their concerns at each of the forums and to submit written response about the proposal. Written responses were received by the committee at the association offices in Leduc, and Al Cook at ASRD was identified as a neutral alternative submission site. This summary covers the public responses from the public forums and written submissions received at the association offices.

The committee contacted a total of 104 weekly community newspapers, 32 radio/TV/daily newspapers and 27 stakeholder groups with a news release giving the schedule and locations of the public forums and copies of the CHP information package in mid June. The schedule, news release and information package were also posted on two industry related websites in the middle of June. The forums ran on a two a week schedule from June 27th to July 18th. The committee also conducted approximately 45 media interviews that were published or aired around the province. Print advertising was also purchased in all of the local papers for the last four public meetings.

Approximately 1250 people attended the eight public forums. From this number approximately 125 people gave comments at the forums and a number of these people gave their comments at more than one of the forums. In addition the associations received 45 written submissions through their offices between mid June and Friday September 7th. Overall game farmers, AFGA members, hunters, concerned citizens and various special interest groups attended the meetings. It is estimated that of the total number of people in attendance at all of the meetings approximately 65% were industry related stakeholders and 35% were hunters, the general public and other stakeholder groups.

Groups that declared their opposition to the proposal included:
The Alliance for Public Wildlife
The International Fund for Animal Welfare
Alberta Wilderness Association
Alberta Fish and Game Association (mostly past and present executive members)
Voice for Animals
PETA
Southern Alberta Bow Hunters Association

The major concerns expressed by those against the proposal include the following key points:
- The risk of spreading disease from captive animals to wildlife
- Removal of land from public access, primarily for hunting purposes
- Destruction of habitat
- Size of the enclosures, some say 600 acres is too small and others say it is too large
- Interference with wildlife migratory patterns
- Genetic pollution of wildlife from captive animals
- A change in public perception of hunters in general

The main group of AFGA past and present executives against the proposal appear to be expressing their own opinions and disagreement with game ranching in general. In many instances the statements and actions being made by members of the provincial executive confuse AFGA general members, as the executive has not consulted them about their position.

The other group opposed to the proposal appear to be against game farming in general. Speakers representing the Alliance for Public Wildlife, The International Fund for Animal Welfare, Alberta Wilderness Association and Voices for Animals brought up identical points at several meetings. The same individuals travelled to several meetings to represent these groups.

Of the declared supporters of the proposal, most were currently involved with the deer and elk farming industry, with a smaller distribution of hunters, AFGA members and members of the general public.

- The major point made by those supporting the proposal, see this as an economic diversification and development opportunity for rural Albertans
- Many see farm diversification as the only means of keeping smaller family farms viable
- This proposal would give them access to a local market for these animals, rather than the uncertainty of some of the export markets that have been traditional consumers of this end product.
- Another major point raised was that this is a humane and reasonable method of harvesting older mature animals that have passed their productive prime and, in most cases are not suitable for use in the meat market.
- There is still some debate about the minimum or maximum size requirements for the preserves.
- There have been suggestions on how to develop stocking density minimums and maximums for each of the pertinent species.
- There have also been some suggestions on how to determine the wooded cover, terrain and topographic variation requirements for a CHP.
- Others have made suggestions regarding regulatory committee composition and other regulatory requirements that they feel would make the proposal viable.
- Some have expressed concern that the size minimums should be reviewed and that the current proposed size may restrict many producers from starting a CHP.

The general consensus of the supporters of the proposal is positive. They see a need for strong regulations to govern the industry, so that it can be well managed and economically viable. They are concerned about the perception of the harvest preserve industry, as it will be developed, as they are about the perception of game ranching in general. In many instances, the AFGA chapters and members at large that are supportive of the idea, want to work with the industry to develop a system of rules and regulations that are beneficial to all of the stakeholder groups that are involved and address their concerns about the design, regulation and management of the preserves.

Brett Oliver - Lyons

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TELUS ATTACK! CPR BROUGHT HIM BACK

November 20, 2000 dawned clear and cold on the Border City Buck Ranch near Lloydminster, Saskatchewan. When Rodney Boutin stepped outside to feed his herd of mule deer that morning, neither man nor beast could possibly have anticipated what was in store. It would be a blend of horror and humour, anxiety and relief, that would remain etched in this deerfarmer's mind forever.

A particular bottlefed 5 year old buck presented its own set of challenges at this time of year. Knowing Telus well, Rodney took necessary precautions. Sending his husky around to the back corner to hold the buck's attention, Rodney slipped into the pen to fill a trough. Secure in the routine, but aware of dangers, Rodney maintained a "heads-up" alert. Caution may have saved his life that fateful morning.

The normally docile buck was usually concerned with a canine presence outside the fence, but this day another distraction took priority....an opponent inside the pen! Buddies for nine months means nothing in the rut and Telus charged! At about 10:30 am, Rodney saw him coming, but was not prepared for the speed of the impending assault. Wide open, Telus closed the distance with astounding swiftness. Rodney dashed for the gate, and coming full force, "closing in for the kill," Telus veered toward his intended victim!

Twenty -eight feet from the gate, steel and bone collided! An oversized antler clipped a fencepost and events took an immediate turn. Speed, power and 350 lbs of fury snapped one massive antler, 8 inches from the base, propelling it 40 feet through the air! The buck s rut-swollen neck snap-ped back, flipping the would-be assail-ant. Telus came to a stop, head right under his hindquarter. Legs twitched for 20 seconds, then relaxed without a stir. Rodney was in shock! Pulling the head out from under the lifeless body, Rodney stumbled in a daze, wondering what to do. "Do I go get a knife or just bury him?"

Clearing his mind, Rodney remembered a story of a person reviving a deer! Quickly, he checked for a pulse or sign of breathing; there were none! As anyone would do for a friend, Rodney began CPR on that big brute of a buck. Covering the mouth with one hand, Rodney tried blowing into both nostrils, but that didn't work. Time was critical! Sealing one nostril with a hand, Rodney sealed the other nostril of that big dirty nose with his mouth and blew. It went in! 4 breaths...4 chest compressions low behind the shoulder. Nothing! After 5 repetitions, a faint heartbeat was detected along with very shallow breathing. Momentarily, Telus gave a slight cough. Was it working?

Another problem presented itself within seconds. Yearling bucks immediately attacked the fallen monarch. Rodney fought them off, when after 5 minutes, a big cough was heard. Rodney turned in time to see the buck's legs stiffen then relax. The pulse and breathing had ceased! 20 sequence repetitions of CPR had no effect this time. Two more minutes of CPR brought a shallow breath and heartbeat. Eyes rolled around with just the whites showing, but life seemed to be returning. The other bucks by now were really battling for an opening. For half an hour, Rodney guarded the fallen Telus who lay "stone cold out." After another half an hour, the eyes started rolling and wandering. Rodney rolled the big beast upright. At about 12:45pm, Rodney managed to heave the buck to his feet. Actually, Telus stood on his front knuckles, legs braced, barely able to balance. Walking 50 feet, Telus hit the ground dazed and weak. Another 15 minutes lapsed before Telus could stand. As the other bucks returned, Telus stumbled a ways, but with his master's help, he remained standing and circled the pen. Tiring quickly, Telus leaned against the fence and finally lay down. It was nearly 1:30 pm when a soaked, sweating and chilled Rodney returned to his house.

For 2 weeks, Telus moved no more than mere feet. He'd hold his head up against the other bucks and thereby stayed alive, but that's all. Two and a half weeks after the trauma, coughing could be heard from 250 yards away. Finally so sick that Rodney could walk him in, Telus began treatments for pneumonia: antibiotics daily for 1 1/2 weeks and then weekly for another 4 weeks.

He remained by himself for the rest of the winter. For 1 1/2 months, Telus's neck was cranked to one side; so much so that he could only turn in one direction. He wasted away from an approximate 350 lbs to 150 lbs-- a pitiful rack of bones!

Then the miracle of survival began to show! Telus started beating up the feed tub! Still with head cranked, Telus would actually have to make a full circle to change directions, but his will to live was evident! After 3 full months, side to side neck mobility returned to some degree. Body condition picked up and by spring, was up to about 240 lbs. And now at about 320 lbs, Telus is the picture of near perfect health. Slight nerve damage is evident in the front shoulders, but is hardly noticeable. His 160" rack is down from last year, but the exceptionally heavy, very typical headgear is amazing growth considering such an ordeal.

Reflecting fondly about Telus and their day of near disaster, Rodney honestly admits, "had he been any other deer, I would have shot him, but he's kind of a buddy!" His ready advice rings simple and sound, "Don't bottlefeed bucks. But if you do, set them up with feeders so you don't have to enter the pens on a regular basis." Rodney and Telus both beat the odds, but neither would desire a repeat of that dire day.

Randy Barks
with Rodney Boutin

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TRACKING SOUTHWARD
Ron and Art's Excellent Adventure

Is it practical - or even possible - to sell deer into the United States? How would bucks in hard antler handle a long trip? What kind of trailer is needed? How much paperwork is involved? And would the selling price be worth all the time and effort?

To answer these and other questions, Ron Friesen and Art Evenson undertook a quest to deliver ten hard-antlered bucks safely to an Antlers International auction in Eldon, Missouri. It was a long and tedious process and a very long drive (1500 miles each way), but they did succeed. Along the way they learned several lessons, which in true trailblazing fashion they now share with you.

The first priority, of course, was the welfare of the animals. To safely transport bucks in hard antler, separate enclosures are needed with room enough to stand comfortably and turn around, as well as good ventilation, fresh water, food and some bedding. To accomplish this Ron built a ten-stall cap on his 24 foot flat-deck trailer (see photo). The units were 4' x 5' and 3' x 6', with the smaller bucks going into the narrower stalls. The cap was designed for plenty of flow-through ventilation during travel. Each stall contained a water pail with access for fresh water, and good alfalfa hay for feed and bedding. It looked great, but would it work?

But even before starting construction of the trailer cap, Ron had to begin acquiring the mountain of paperwork that was deemed necessary by the various levels of government.

Lesson #1: Start early! Here's what was needed:

Obtain a Game Animal Import License from United States Fish and Wildlife. The fee for this was $50.00.

Have an accredited veterinarian perform TB and Brucellosis tests on the animals to be exported. Once the animals are confirmed healthy, the vet must fill out a Certificate of Health, which must be countersigned by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.

Once that is accomplished, a Transportation Permit may be obtained from the CFIA.

Next, and very important, is the Export Permit (original) by Sask Ag and Food in Regina (or the corresponding provincial department, for other provinces).

Talk to the state veterinarian of the state you are exporting to, for additional requirements, if any.

Contact the Chief Veterinarian (USDA) at the border point for working hours, since he will have to inspect the animals and carrier.

Contact the brokerage house responsible for animal imports at the selected border. Ron and Art used Norman Jensen Inc. in Pembina, ND.

You must comply with USDA regulations regarding import of animals; ie. space requirements (hard-antlered animals need individual compartments).

Obtain the federal tax number of the consignee if the total value of the shipment is more than $2000 US.

In order to make it to the September 15 auction in Missouri, Ron started his inquiries regarding paperwork in mid-August, built the trailer cap the last week of August, and TB tested the bucks the first week of September. The TB and Brucellosis tests were performed by Dr. Jerry Haigh, University of Saskatchewan, with help from six of his students.

By Tuesday, September 11, everything was ready. But we all know what happened on that terrible, tragic day. Unsure of what the border situation would be, or even if the auction was still on schedule, Ron and Art delayed their departure for 24 hours. Wednesday morning Ron was in contact both with the auction owner and the border personnel, getting a green light from both. So Wednesday evening around 8 p.m., Ron, Art and the ten bucks headed southeast.

For the sake of the deer, the plan was to drive with as few stops as possible, and that's what they did. One drove while the other slept, and by 8 a.m. our intrepid travelers arrived at the border at Pembina, North Dakota. The brokerage process was time-consuming, especially since Ron had received only a copy of the export Permit. At that point the U.S. customs agents could have refused entry into the United States, but they did accept a faxed and confirmed (by phone) copy from the office of Sask Ag and Food.

Lesson #2: Make sure you have all the originals of the required documents. Considering the international upheaval at the time, the men were impressed at how efficient and helpful the various officers at the border were. They also appreciated how impressed the USDA vet was at the size and condition of the bucks. (That always warms a deer farmer's heart!) While the brokerage paperwork and vet inspection did take some time, the actual customs clearance took only about 15 minutes, so after two hours total and $165 US in fees (this can vary), the journey continued on American roads.

Just as a reminder for those who plan to follow Art and Ron's example, the paperwork for the broker should have been done in advance. And it is vital to have in your possession the original Export Permit (SAF), which is not issued until they have a copy of the Transportation Permit (CFIA), which is not issued until CFIA has the Certificate of Health signed by the accredited veterinarian who performed the TB and Brucellosis tests. So plan ahead!

Anyway, as a sightseeing trip this was pretty much a failure. As Ron said, "Manitoba was dark, North and South Dakota looked a lot like the highway between Saskatoon and Regina, and Iowa was dark. But Missouri looked pretty good!" Stopping only for the border crossing, gas fills, and a couple meal breaks - when they also refilled the water pails in the trailer - Ron and Art arrived in Eldon, MO, thirty-two hours after leaving home. They were tired but the deer were fine as they unloaded at the auction barn.

Lesson #3: Deer, even in hard antler, can travel long distances with proper care.

Incidentally, while they were unloading Art got a little lesson in linguistics. The friendly young woman who came out to help direct our fellows was beginning to exasperate Art as she repeatedly called him "Sugar." Ron quietly reassured him that she wasn't really flirting with him, she was just "talkin' Southern"! (Sorry, Art!)

The auction facilities were impressive, as they had been told. The auction barn was designed to handle live auctions of deer, and it worked quite well.

Lesson #4: Deer can be auctioned live in specially designed facilities. The strict "no camera" rule inside the barn prevented any photo-taking, and space here does not allow a detailed description. If you have questions about the facility, feel free to talk to Art and Ron. The prices for low-to-medium quality animals was better than expected, but the terrorist attack had its effect on this, also. Because of the unavailability of flights, most of the buyers from the northern states were unable to attend this sale, and southern buyers were wary of buying animals without resistance to EHD. Epizootic Hemorrhage Disease is a usually fatal disease which does not occur in Canada or the northern states. Animals with no family history of exposure to this disease have no immunity, so this is a case of good health being a negative factor. Unknown to Ron and Art, there had been a recent outbreak in neighbouring states that resulted in the loss of up to 75% of some herds, making southern farmers extra cautious. As a result, prices for northern deer (including our Canadian deer) were lower than they should have been.

Sale prices started out quite strong, with bucks measuring approximately 130 inches selling for $1200 US, and a top price of $5500 US for a buck around 160 inches. (All measurements are "guesstimates" by Art and Ron, as no scores were available for the sale.) The price range for average bucks there, around 145 inches, was from $2250 to $3200 US. Prices softened throughout the sale, but according to others in attendance the normal price range for a 170-class buck was $6000-7500 US.

Lesson #5: Canadians should not try to sell deer to farmers in EHD zones.

The trip back home was uneventful, but getting back into Canada proved to be more arduous than the guys had expected. They had been anticipating a quick trip through customs; instead, it took an hour - mostly of waiting - to get cleared for entry into their native country. All vehicles were thoroughly searched, and while the lineup was short, the waiting time was long. It was with relief that they finally were able to finish their journey.

All in all, it was a valuable trip. Even though the prices for their deer were disappointing, the lessons learned and the contacts made were very worthwhile. Since arriving home both Art and Ron have been contacted by people they met at the sale, with possible sales of animals in process. Would they do it again? If the sale was held in a northern state, they most likely would make the effort. American buyers are impressed by the size and quality of our animals, and it is good to have that market available. Normal prices for bucks of average quality in the U.S. were better than imagined, so selling medium to high quality animals there can be very profitable indeed.

Kathy Friesen

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ASK THE EXPERTS

Question: Do deer hooves normally grow long in the wild and then chip off? or is this mainly deerfarming related?
What could be possible causes for this?
Do we treat it or let it take care of itself?

Answer: In my experience, the most common cause of extensive hoof growth is excess starch in the diet (i. e. grain), although I certainly believe that deer which are being pastured in areas with very soft or wet footing have a much greater tendancy toward elongated growth. The hoof, or claw as it is called by some, is very simply a "fingernail" of the deer, predominantly of the same composition as hair but more dense. Diets high in starch (grains) tend to contain a higher concentration of glutens which promote rapid growth of this type of tissue. What do women eat when they want rapid nail growth? They eat jello which is primarily gluten derived.

Non-farmed deer tend to have a diet with much more variation than those which are raised with controlled diets. Usually, it is when we become overzealous in our condtitioning by oversupplementing starches that we create a hoof problem. I have seen prolonged periods of rainfall, however, lead to softened footing which may promote elongated claws.

Both cases will sometimes require sedation and trimming back of the excess growth. Particular care should be excercised not to "quick" the deer by removing too much of the toe. Hoof wall nippers and a low small rasp can be used to quickly remove whatever is necessary to take the hoof down to a "normal" presentation. A farrier with experience in trimming cloven hooved animals would be worth contacting as would your local veterinarian. Moving the animals to an area with a very firm surface will usually be worthwhile if soft footing is suspected as the reason for abnormal wear on the hoof. In these cases, the new ground will many times cause the elongated toes to break off and wear down on there own.

One thing I see deerfarmers very concerned about is selenium in the diet and well they should be for it is very important. On the other hand, I suspect that as in many other species, excessive selenium supplementation can lead to hair and hoof abnormalities of multiple variations.

Also, never forget the dreaded HD if you are encountering severe hoof wall abnormalities in whitetail (especially in areas known for Hemorrhagic Disease).

Randall S Murray, DVM
(Randall is a veterinary in Texas who also raises whitetail and elk at M4 Ranch.)

Question: Have there been any developments on the TB blood testing research?

Answer: TB research project - Blood samples are needed! The season is here when we start to handle our herds for various reasons. You will recall that it was announced that the CCC had entered into an agreement with the CFIA to begin research on a blood test that would be suitable for detecting TB in farmed cervids and zoo species.

Researchers estimate that a total of 5000 blood samples from each species will be required for the 3 year project. Remember this is a national program. The submission of samples is not meant to inconvenience producers and whole herd samplingis not necessary unless your enthusiasm is high. Collect and submit what you can. The CFIA research team will gratefully accept all contributions. If your 3 year herd test is up for renewal it may be an opportune time to collect samples.

Coordinators for this project are needed from each province that can supply information and if needed, blood vials for the collection to send to the Ottawa labs. If you are interested in coordinating this project for your province please contact Denise Smith at (306) 493-8192 or seba.denise@sk.sympatico.ca

Submitted by Denise Smith, SEBA
(suggested by Dr.Murray Woodbury, DVM., MSc
www.usask.ca/wcvm/herdmed/specialstock)

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CCC UPDATE

International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) Employee Justifying Pay Cheque

Rob Sinclair "spokesperson" for the IFAW, an organization based in the US with an office in Canada, has been busy in the past few days. In an article in the National Post (quoting Mr. Sinclair) and an interview on a radio show (Peter Warren), the IFAW blames game farming for the introduction of diseases. While this is an old argument that (as in the past) makes no sense - CWD was first diagnosed in the wild in the US - we should be careful not to let this organization spread their venom everywhere.

Therefore, the CCC will be responding to the article in the National Post and tomorrow (Sunday), I will be on Peter Warren's radio show in order to set the record straight. We should not be surprised by these attacks on game farming from the IFAW, after all, they are part of the coalition that vowed to stop Cervid Harvest Preserves in Alberta by attacking game farming.

On-Farm Food Safety Program

The OFFSP Committee met on Friday, September 7th to start the work towards a HACCP type of program for cervid farms. During this meeting, Mr. Don Bamber was elected as Chair of the Committee.

CCC Meeting in Ottawa

The Canadian Cervid Council will be meeting in Ottawa from September 30th to October 2nd. The meetings will be useful to discuss health, quality control and international trade issues, amongst industry members, with government officials (we expect a good participation from both provincial and federal governments), and with elected officials. Indeed, the CCC will make presentations to groups of elected officials and will also organize a reception on Parliament Hill (Tuesday, October 2nd). This is an effort by the CCC to inform our Members of Parliament of the importance of our industry.

Chronic Wasting Disease Voluntary Herd Certification Program

The CCC received from CFIA the latest version of the CWD Certification Program. Should you wish to view the latest draft , please let us know.

Velvet Tags now required for export

The CFIA officialized the fact that there will be a requirement for velvet to be tagged prior to the signing of export certificates. The CFIA recognizes the Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Canadian Cervid Council velvet tagging programs.

Serge Buy (Sept. 8, 2001)

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SASKATCHEWAN PRODUCER PORTRAIT

Woody River Whitetails

Warm-hearted yet ruthless, patient and relentless, mild and modest, but causing a disturbance... here is a family of deer farmers to keep your eyes on! Meet Marshall & Jan Miller and children / partners Lance, Jennifer and Craig.

Set along the postcard banks of a fresh flowing river, just inside the Saskatchewan border from Swan River, there exists a whitetail deer farm that is beautiful in pose, plan and practice. The Woody River runs along the park-like yard and borders a big block of mixed forest and farmland. Fishing, swimming or exhilarating walks are perks of such a scene. Just as refreshing, however, is the family's deer farming game plan. They are ruthless in their breeding program, always using their youngest and most genetically advanced does to rapidly gain future breeders.

Since beginning in the fall of 1996, the modest Millers have relentlessly and aggressively pursued genetic gains and quiet temperament. AI ing to Son of the Gun, Hot Shot and Magnum 2 years ago, a significant number of beautifully bred does will now be AI'd to what Millers deem to be the fuel that will power their bloodlines to the next level. "Rapid Genetic Gains" are dependent on AI and an early maturing, top end back up buck. That combination is hard to find, but the Millers have achieved it! Frazer, son of the proven Poncho/Tiny cross, was a 6x6, 169" gross typical with a few "extras" last year at 3 years. At 4 he is a spectacular sweeping 6x6 with enough "extras" to make him even more striking when those "walls of tines" present their view of wonder. Long tined and heavy, the rack represents what so many are striving for and that's just for back up! Last year's AI program included Son of the Gun, Excaliber and Jack the Ripper, so the cross potential is potent!

Herd value is immediately heightened when product proof is witnessed. I was anticipating some good yearlings on this deer farm, but I was unprepared for what I saw. When Lance drove me into the buck pen that evening, I was amazed! "Big and consistent" describe this young herd! Full-racked yearlings were everywhere. A slick 6x5 caught my eye, as did several wide and tall 5x5's. This percentage of exceptional yearlings has seldom been achieved. AI ing again this year, with their AI product does, Woody River Whitetails will be a Saskatchewan attraction over the next couple of years!

So what can you expect besides unbelievably big bucks? Well, expect to meet one of the most cordial of families anywhere. They radiate hospitality! They are also very much a team. Sixteen-year-old Lance is Marshall's right hand man in every way. Whether it's driving, fencing, repairing, or planning, they're in it together. Lance helps mastermind genetic strategies and is a wealth of data on each animal. Every family member has had a part to play in their 4 years of bottlefeeding, which they see as a necessary step toward improved herd management as a whole in the reduction of stress. Thanks to the family commitment, even the non-bottlefeds are enjoyably quiet. A rather unique mobile fawn pen is a fantastic idea for improved fawn health. A steel frame, wired, with surrounding canvas and snow fence, all mounted on flip up wheels, allows fresh forage and clean conditions throughout the summer. This family goes to great lengths to maximize stock potential!

A neat, very workable system can also be viewed. An impressive combination of rotunda and boxes is especially user friendly with handling and sorting options galore! Pen layout offers a smooth operation now, but Marshall sees a future need to increase pen-to-pen and pen-to-corral options as numbers increase. Such an increase is planned, but with Woody River Whitetails stock sought after as premium breeders and trophies, perhaps the numbers won't increase as quickly as the genetics.

Woody River Whitetails may be geographically removed, but in the world of deer farming, this farm has entered the spotlight. Don't let geography keep you from touring the farm of tomorrow's giants. See the bucks, soak up some strategies, and enjoy the company of a fine family.

Randy Barks

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ALBERTA PRODUCER PORTRAIT

Spruce Hill Farm

We were as taken with the people as we were with the deer farm. The whitetail wonders were exceptional; so was the family. I wished I had these bucks at home; these folk made us feel at home. Meet the family who exemplify such quality deerfarming- Jim, Faith and Dusty Van Manen of Spruce Hill Farm.

Quietly, subtly, word was spreading eastward a few years back. AI ing whitetails was almost unheard of, success unimaginable, but Van Manens were among the first of Albertans to try it. Last year some photos found themselves in circulation, AI success in the form of an incredibly high percentage of whopper yearlings. Eventually I knew I'd have to head westward and meet this obviously future-minded, seemingly high profile family who placed themselves so strategically on the cutting edge of deerfarming. Of course I also needed to witness the antler growth on those two-year-old marvels of creation and science.

July finally found my family on the road, westward bound. Near Drayton Valley we found Spruce Hill Farm set in and surrounded by the breath-taking beauty of a vast evergreen forest. Big valley, big trees, and big bucks went together quite naturally. I was to finally gaze upon the renowned Big Gun, Ruger, 12 Gauge, Winchester and Savage, now 2-year-old sons of Son of the Gun. I was impressed!

"The Van Manen boys," as I'd come to call them, were the equation of concentrated genetics that few have had time or fortune to factor out: long beams, tall tines, good mass and all-around big typical frames. Such a grouping of top end specimens was so encouraging to see. Maybe I could follow in some veteran footsteps! At least I could learn from someone who so obviously had fine-tuned an already strong breeding program.

By the middle of the night, I had indeed learned a lot! Van Manens started deer farming in 1992 with 5 does and 1 buck, all of which came from Kulak and Begg stock. The first few years had their chaotic moments, especially during round up times. Knowledge and experience were very limited, and facility improvements were on-going. Son of the Gun genetics were added to the herd in 1998 and Northern Gold in 2000. Wow! Think of the impending explosion of growth in this herd! The possibilities are astounding! Some 100 deer now roam this thoughtfully managed farm with Big Gun (3rd place yearling in AWMDA competition) as the main herd sire. Sonshine Farms animals are boarded with Ruger as their breeding buck. Semen and breeding stock are available. Those fortunate and strategic enough to acquire such genetics are setting themselves up for success. How can you go wrong with such high percentage passdown?

Eight pens, 1/4 to 8 acres each, are home to this bunch of beauties. Mixed vegetation is found throughout the farm as Jim firmly believes that, "you should have some trees in every pen. They've got shade in the summer and bugs don't bother much....and they feel so much more secure with a place to hide." Management and handling have developed over the years. Jim adds, "try to have some bush in the catch pen. They go straight to it." More holding pens are planned to further ease the handling of stock.

We need to glean from those who've gone before us and perhaps heed advice from some real thinkers. Jim does not wean his fawns. "We're just going to mess things up like we have so much else," he explains. "Give us a hundred years and they'll be like cattle giving birth in winter." It certainly is food for thought as the Van Manen herd is highly productive and healthy.

Contrary to popular assumption, Jim's time isn't entirely devoted to "think'n deer." Besides simply enjoying the company of his family, Jim is a craftsman bordering on artist. A home full of hand-made furniture demonstrates his rare skill as each piece is uniquely made from specially selected, rather gnarly, twisted tree limbs. As each piece of furniture is a masterpiece, so is each of the handcrafted knives he creates. A hewn log cabin nestled in the forest, by a little lake he also made, is an excellent example of Jim's artistry.

As college age daughter Dusty tried to keep up with our two older sons, as Faith so graciously put up with our toddler son, and as Jim so patiently demonstrated trout fishing while ducking hooks, I wondered about my chances of a return trip. These oh-so-pleasant people were refreshing and these oh-so-splendid, genetically stacked deer were intriguing. Another journey is definitely in order. For business or pleasure, treat yourself to a Van Manen visit!

Randy Barks

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LEGAL STATEMENT

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